Properties and indicators: yellow in PH {{0}}.5; PH=5.0 orange; PH=5.5 red; PH 6.0 or higher is purple. Orange, red and purple pigment range has good light fastness, and PH value of 4.5 and 7.0 7.5 when poor light fastness. The thermal stability is good. Iron ions tonal lighter or colorless. Compound phosphate to protect color pigment.

Source: extracted from cochineal. Will cochineal dry mill, with 60-70 degree hot water immersion, did not stir, in a day or so most of the pigment can be extracted, then through the second extraction is almost extraction yield could reach 100%. Two filtrate merged, reduced pressure concentration, pigment.